Which one of the following classes of antibiotics is generally not considered for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

The classification of oxazolidinones as generally not considered for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is based on their pharmacological profile and the typical pathogens involved in SBP. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis primarily occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites, often leading to infection with commonly encountered organisms such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Third-generation cephalosporins, like cefotaxime, are effectively used in treating SBP due to their broad-spectrum activity against these gram-negative bacteria. Aminoglycosides can also be part of the treatment regimen in certain cases, particularly when a more aggressive approach is warranted, even though they are not the first-line agents.

Penicillins, such as piperacillin-tazobactam, may be utilized for their efficacy against susceptible strains as well. However, oxazolidinones, which include drugs like linezolid, are typically reserved for certain gram-positive infections, particularly those caused by resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). They do not have the necessary coverage of the common pathogens responsible for SBP, which is why they